3

CORRELATIVE MODELS

This chapter presents a review of several correlative channel models; namely, the Kronecker, Weichselberger, and structured models. Due to its simplicity, the Kronecker model is by far the most popular MIMO channel model in the literature. It greatly simplifies channel analysis, as it holds that scatterers around the transmitter fade independently of those around the receiver. Despite its popularity, the Kronecker model has been shown to be inaccurate. The Weichselberger model uses the eigenvalue decomposition (EVD) of the channel as its parameters, and, in most cases, is more accurate than the Kronecker model. The structured model is an extension of the Weichselberger model to the wideband MIMO channel. It uses tensors to express the wideband MIMO channel in an elegant fashion, often with fewer parameters than the Kronecker model. In Chapter 6, we show that the structured model consistently outperforms the Kronecker model.

The Kronecker model is capable of modeling the narrowband and wideband MIMO channels, whereas the Weichselberger model can be applied to narrowband MIMO channels only. The structured model describes the wideband MIMO channel and reduces to the Weichselberger model in the narrowband case.

We begin by discussing synthesis equations for the vector and matrix channels. These synthesis equations use the full correlation to generate an ensemble of channels with the same spatial characteristics as a given channel. Because of this, they require ...

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