Middle Managers in Program and Portfolio Management

CHAPTER 2

Literature Review

This chapter reviews the literature on program and portfolio management, as well as project type and environmental complexity. A review, however, can only cover a subset of the literature written on a subject (Hart, 1998). The intent with this chapter, therefore, is to identify the major theories, tools, and techniques developed in program and portfolio management. To that end, the review focuses on four sets of literature: program management, portfolio management, project types, and organizational complexity. Within each of these categories, the literature is grouped by dominant subject areas. The review ends with an identification of a gap in the existing literature when it comes to answering the research questions, ...