Book description
Humanity’s ability to produce enough food is mostly due to adoption of new methods and technologies by the agricultural industries as they became available. New information, communication and high speed processing and precision agriculture technologies have the potential to transform the agricultural industry. These technologies incorporate radio-frequency and microwave radiation into their systems. This book presents an overview of how these technologies are being used in agricultural systems. The main purpose of the book is to provide a glimpse of what is possible and encourage practitioners in the engineering and agricultural industries to explore how radio-frequency and microwave systems might further enhance the agricultural industry. The authors have extensive experience in agricultural and microwave engineering, instrumentation and communication systems.
Table of contents
- Cover
- Title Page
- Copyright Page
- Contents
- Preface
-
Section 1: General Introduction
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Some Brief Examples of Technical Innovation in Agricultural Industries
- 3 A Brief Overview of Radio Frequency and Microwave Applications in Agriculture
-
4 Microwaves and their Interactions with Materials
- 4.1 Electric and Magnetic Field Vectors
- 4.2 Maxwell’s Equations for Electro-magnetism
- 4.3 Magnetic Vector Potential
- 4.4 Continuity
- 4.5 Conservation of Electromagnetic Energy
- 4.6 Boundary Conditions
- 4.7 Wave Impedance
- 4.8 Reflection and Transmission at an Interface
- 4.9 Electromagnetic Behaviour of Materials
- 4.10 Conclusions
- References
-
Section 2: Non-destructive Characterisation Using Electromagnetic Waves
- 5 Section Introduction
-
6 Techniques for Measuring Dielectric Properties
- 6.1 Dielectric Properties
- 6.2 Polarization
- 6.3 Cole-Cole diagram
-
6.4 Microwave Measurement Methods
- 6.4.1 Transmission/Reflection Line Method
- 6.4.2 Resonant Technique
- 6.4.3 Dielectric Resonator
- 6.4.4 Dielectric Post Resonator
- 6.4.5 Whispering Gallery Mode Resonator
- 6.4.6 Open-ended co-axial probe method
- 6.4.7 Dielectric Probe (Coaxial probe)
- 6.4.8 Free Space Method
- 6.4.9 Antenna
- 6.4.10 Near-field Microwave Probe
- 6.4.11 Reentrant Cavity
- 6.4.12 Fabry-Perot Resonator
- 6.5 Conclusions
- References
-
7 Dielectric Properties of Organic Materials
- 7.1 Frequency Dependency of Dielectric Properties
- 7.2 Temperature Dependence of the Dielectric Properties
- 7.3 Density and Field Orientation Dependence of Dielectric Properties
-
7.4 Dielectric Modelling of Organic Materials
- 7.4.1 Modelling the Dielectric Properties of Free Water
- 7.4.2 Modelling the Dielectric Properties of Bound Water
- 7.4.3 Modelling the Dielectric Properties of Moist Wood
- 7.4.4 Modelling the Dielectric Properties of Grains
- 7.4.5 Modelling the Dielectric Properties of Soils
- 7.4.6 Dielectric Properties of Insects
- 7.5 Conclusions
- References
- 8 Insect and Decay Detection
- 9 Moisture Monitoring
- 10 Radar Imaging
- 11 Electromagnetic Survey Techniques
-
Section 3: Dialectric Heating
- 12 Section Introduction
-
13 Dielectric Heating
- 13.1 Conductive Heat Transfer
- 13.2 Convective Heating
- 13.3 Radiative Heat Transfer
- 13.4 Microwave Heating
- 13.5 Microwave Frequency and its Influence over Microwave Heating
- 13.6 The Influence of Material Geometry on Microwave Heating
- 13.7 Comparative Efficiency of Convective and Microwave Heating
- 13.8 Thermal Runaway
- 13.9 Examples of Using Thermal Runaway to Great Advantage
- 13.10 Conclusion
- Nomenclature
- References
- 14 Simultaneous Heat and Moisture Movement
- 15 Microwave Drying
- 16 Radio Frequency and Microwave Processing of Food
-
17 Microwave Applicators
- 17.1 Wave-Guides
- 17.2 Waveguide Modes
- 17.3 Other Wave-guide Modes
- 17.4 Transverse Magnetic Modes
- 17.5 Wave-guide Cut-off Conditions
- 17.6 Wavelength in a Wave-guide
- 17.7 Wave Impedance in a Wave-guide
- 17.8 Power Flow along a Wave-guide Propagating in TE10 Mode
- 17.9 Cylindrical Wave Guides
- 17.10 Microwave Ovens
- 17.11 Finite-Difference Time-Domain (FDTD) Simulating Microwave Field 17.12 Distributions in Applicators
- 17.12 Microwave Safety
- 17.13 Antenna Applicators
- Nomenclature
- Appendix A – Derivation of Near Field from a Uniformly Illuminated Rectangular Aperture
- References
- 18 Quarantine and Biosecurity
-
19 Weed Management
- 19.1 Radio Frequency and Microwave Treatments
- 19.2 Microwave Treatment of Plants
- 19.3 Reinterpretation of Earlier Microwave Weed Experiments
- 19.4 Impact of Microwave Treatment on Soil
- 19.5 Crop Growth Response
- 19.6 Analysis of Potential Crop Yield Response to Microwave Weed Management
- 19.7 The Potential for Including Microwave Weed Control for Herbicide Resistance Management
- 19.8 Conclusion
- 19.9 Nomenclature
- Appendix A – Derivation of the Impact of Weed Infestation and Herbicide Control on Crop Yield Response
- References
- 20 Treatment of Animal Fodder
- 21 Wood Modification
- 22 Microwave Assisted Extraction
- 23 Thermal Processing of Biomass
-
Section 4: Automatic Data Acquisition and Wireless Sensor Networks
- 24 Section Introduction
- 25 Data Acquisition
- 26 Radio Frequency and Microwave Communication Systems
- 27 Wireless Ad Hoc Sensor Networks
- 28 RFID Systems
- 29 Conclusions
Product information
- Title: Microwave and Radio-Frequency Technologies in Agriculture
- Author(s):
- Release date: February 2016
- Publisher(s): De Gruyter Open
- ISBN: 9783110455472
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