3

Review of Transmission Lines

3.1 INTRODUCTION

A transmission line consists of two or more conductors embedded in a system of dielectric media that are used to convey the energy or information from one point to other, specifically from source end to the load end at frequencies starting from 0 Hz to 300 MHz. Cables used for TV, computer and telephone, printed circuit boards, antenna feed lines, micro strip and power lines are few applications of common transmission-line.

In a basic circuit, if the length of the circuit/element is negligibly small, then the time delay effects are negligible. Such elements are called lumped elements. If the length of the circuits is large enough, then they may be called distributed elements; this means that the ...

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