Data Modification and Performance
Now that you have a better understanding of the storage structures in SQL Server, it's time to take a look at how SQL Server maintains and manages those structures when data modifications are taking place in the database.
Inserting Data
When you add a data row to a heap table, SQL Server adds the row to the heap wherever space is available. SQL Server uses the IAM and PFS pages to identify whether any pages with free space are available in the extents already allocated to the table. If no free pages are found, SQL Server uses the information from the GAM and SGAM pages to locate a free extent and allocate it to the table. With a clustered index on the table, the new data row is inserted to the appropriate location ...
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