Spatial indexes
Spatial data was introduced in SQL Server 2008, and SQL Server 2012 dramatically expands support for it. Spatial data is multidimensional and is meant to represent objects (also called spatial features) in multidimensional space. SQL Server supports two different spatial data types: GEOMETRY (Euclidean geometry) and GEOGRAPHY (spherical geometry). The GEOMETRY data type is also used when dealing with projected coordinate systems—that is, a coordinate system derived from projecting a portion of the earth on to a flat grid. These types are implemented natively in SQL Server as .NET classes. Spatial operations on these data types are implemented as methods or properties of the type. SQL Server supports spatial indexes over either ...
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