Chapter 20

Insulin and Oral Hypoglycaemic Agents

LEARNING OBJECTIVES
  • Define diabetes and its types and causes

  • Describe the role of insulin in the body and the disease condition associated with it

  • Define antidiabetics and categorize based on the chemical class

  • Explain various strategies useful in the treatment of hyperglycaemia

  • Describe the mechanism of action of various classes of oral hypoglycaemic agents

  • Discuss the structure-activity relationship of sulphonyl ureas

  • List the latest drugs in the class of antidiabetics

20.1 INTRODUCTION

The pancreas contains at least four different types of endocrine cells, including A (alpha, glucagon-producing), B (beta, insulin-producing), D (delta, somatostatin-producing), and F (PP, pancreatic polypeptide-producing). ...

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