Classes and object-oriented programming
A class is an amalgam of many related variables and functions, all brought together into a self-contained unit or "thing". To put it another way, if you think about a game (such as a fantasy RPG), it's filled with many independent things such as wizards, orcs, trees, houses, the player, quests, inventory items, weapons, spells, doorways, bridges, force fields, portals, guards, and so on. Many of these objects parallel objects in the real world too. However, crucially, each of these things is an independent object; a wizard is different and separate from a force field, and a guard is different and separate from a tree. Each of these things, then, can be thought of as an object—a custom type. If we focus our ...
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