Conventions
In this book, you will find a number of text styles that distinguish between different kinds of information. Here are some examples of these styles and an explanation of their meaning.
Code words in text, commands and their options, folder names, filenames, file extensions, pathnames, branch and tag names, dummy URLs, user input, environment variables, configuration options and their values are shown as follows: "For example, writing git log -- foo explicitly asks for the history of a path foo."
Additionally, the following convention is used: <file> denotes user input (here, the name of a file), $HOME denotes the value of environment variable, and tilde in a pathname is used to denote user's home directory (for example ~/.gitignore
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