10.11. SUMMARY

In summary, regardless of the many problems associated with implementing a meaningful performance appraisal system in an R&D organization, a system for performance appraisal that focuses on employee "contribution" to the organization is indeed needed to enhance organizational productivity and effectiveness. A performance appraisal system can be used to achieve organizational and individual goal congruence and organizational excellence. The vexing problem of dealing with poor performers or problem individuals, sometimes caused by a lack of employee ability or by the organization structure, is not easily handled.

Discussions here have focused on providing a basic understanding of problems and issues related to performance appraisal ...

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