Name

file

Synopsis

file [options] files

Classify the named files according to the type of data they contain. file checks the magic file (/etc/magic) to identify some file types.

Options

-c

Check the format of the magic file (files argument is invalid with -c). Usually used with -m.

-f file

Read the names of files to be checked from file.

-L

Follow symbolic links. By default, symbolic links are not followed.

-m file

Search for file types in file instead of /etc/magic.

-v

Print the version.

-z

Attempt checking of compressed files.

Many file types are understood. Output lists each filename, followed by a brief classification such as: 

Apple QuickTime movie file (moov)
ASCII text
data
directory
gzip compressed data
empty
PDF document, version 1.4
Mach-O executable ppc
sticky symbolic link to private/tmp

Example

List all PDF Version 1.1 files:

                     file * | grep "PDF document, version 1.1"

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