Linux Installation and Package Management
Objective 1: Design a Hard Disk Layout
Guidelines
Keep / small by distributing larger parts of the directory tree to other filesystems.
Separate a small /boot partition below cylinder 1024 for kernels.
Separate /var into its own partition to prevent runaway logs from filling /.
Separate /tmp.
Separate /usr if it is to be shared read-only among other systems via NFS.
Set swap size to be somewhere between one and two times the size of main memory.
Objective 2: Install a Boot Manager
LILO
LILO has historically been the default Linux boot loader.
LILO consists of the lilo command, which installs the boot loader, and the boot loader itself.
LILO is configured using /etc/lilo.conf.
GRUB
GRUB can boot Linux as well as most other PC-based operating systems.
GRUB relies on various files in the /boot/grub directory to support reading from various types of filesystems.
GRUB is configured using /boot/grub/menu.lst (or /boot/grub/grub.conf on some distributions).
GRUB can be configured to present a text or graphical menu interface and also has a command-line interface.
Objective 3: Make and Install Programs from Source
Source Files
Software often comes in a compressed tar archive file.
Larger source code packages include a configure script to verify that everything is in order to compile the software.
make
make is then used to build the software.
make is also often used to install the software into directories such as /usr/local/bin.
Objective 4: Manage Shared Libraries
Concepts ...
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