Name
tr [options
] charset1
[charset2
] — coreutils
Synopsis
/usr/bin
stdin stdout - file -- opt --help --version
The tr
command performs some simple, useful translations of one set of characters into another. For example, to change all vowels into asterisks:
$ cat myfile This is a very wonderful file. $ cat myfile | tr aeiouAEIOU '*' Th*s *s * v*ry w*nd*rf*l f*l*.
or to delete all vowels:
$ cat myfile | tr -d aeiouAEIOU Ths s vry wndrfl fl.
or to capitalize everything in the file:
$ cat myfile | tr 'a-z' 'A-Z' THIS IS A VERY WONDERFUL FILE.
tr
translates the first character in charset1
into the first character in charset2
, the second into the second, the third into the third, etc. If the length of charset1
is N
, only the first N
characters in charset2
are used. (If charset1
is longer than charset2
, see the -t
option.)
Character sets can have the following forms.
Form | Meaning |
| The sequence of characters A, B, C, D. |
| The range of characters from A to B. |
| y repetitions of the character x. |
| The same character classes ( |
tr
also understands the escape characters “\a” (^G
= ring bell), “\b” (^H
= backspace), “\f” (^L
= formfeed), “\n” (^J
= newline), “\r” (^M
= return), “\t” (^I
= tab), and “\v” (^K
= vertical tab) accepted by printf
(see Screen Output), as well as the notation \nnn
to mean the character with octal value nnn
.
tr
is great for quick and simple translations; but for more powerful jobs consider sed, awk
, or perl
.
Useful options | |
|
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