Learning Perl, Fourth Edition

The defined Function

One operator that can return undef is the line-input operator, <STDIN>. Normally, it returns a line of text. But if there is no more input, such as at end-of-file, it will return undef to signal this.^[62] To tell if a value is undef and not the empty string, use the defined function, which returns false for undef and true for everything else:

    $madonna = <STDIN>;
    if ( defined($madonna) ) {
      print "The input was $madonna";
    } else {
      print "No input available!\n";
    }

If you’d like to make your own undef values, you can use the obscurely named undef operator:

    $madonna = undef; # As if it had never been touched

^[62] Normally, there’s no “end-of-file” when the input comes from the keyboard, but the input may have been redirected to come from a file. Or the user may have pressed the key that the system recognizes to indicate end-of-file.