Physical server connections
The number of interfaces needed per host is dependent on the purpose of the cloud, the security and performance requirements of the organization, and the availability of hardware.
A single interface per server that results in a combined control and data plane is all that is needed for a fully operational OpenStack cloud. Many organizations choose to deploy their cloud this way, especially when port density is at a premium. Collapsed networking may also be used when the environment is simply used for testing, or network failure at the node level is a non-impacting event. It is my recommendation, however, that you split control and data traffic across multiple interfaces whenever possible.
Single interface
For hosts using ...
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