1.1 Caesar Cipher

Ceaser cipher, also known as shift cipher, is a traditional cipher and is one of the simplest encoding techniques. It encodes the message by shifting each letter in the plaintext with some fixed number of positions down the alphabet. For example, if you shift character 'A' down 3 positions, then you will get 'D', and 'B' will be 'E' and so on,  wrapping back to 'A' when the shift reaches 'X'.

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