Foreword

Application developers today can choose from a lot of programming languages, but by and large, most development falls into one of three groups of languages:

  • The C and C++ group, where close-to-the-metal, high performance is desired, and the programmer is willing to work hard to get it.

  • The Java and C# group, where code is compiled into a "managed" environment. The languages tend to be simpler, and vast libraries of prewritten code are usually available.

  • The dynamically typed scripting languages, dominated by Perl, Ruby, and Python. These languages offer rapid development but have poor runtime performance.

Several thousand computer programming languages are in existence, with perhaps a dozen that are in mainstream use. If someone created a ...

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