Risk Factors for Heart Disease

The ESP is an instrument with which executives are rated on various competencies that are related to the job, such as visionary thinking, global perspective, empowering others, adaptability, seasoned judgment, and financial acumen. We divided the average of the ratings given by observers into quartiles and looked at the health of those individuals who were rated highly (the top 25 percent) and compared it to the health of those who were rated less highly (the bottom 25 percent) on the top thirteen competencies deemed “most important” by this particular group of executives.

We found that those in the top 25 percent were more healthy or at lower risk than those in the lowest 25 percent. In other words, those in the ...

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