Versatility and Effectiveness
Seventy-nine of the executives who were rated on forceful and enabling leadership were also evaluated on effectiveness. The executives and their co-workers provided ratings of overall effectiveness on a scale from 1 to 10, with 5 being “adequate” and 10 being “outstanding.” For each executive, we calculated an overall effectiveness score by computing the average rating across all co-workers.
We then tested the prediction that leadership effectiveness is closely linked to versatility. We used ratings on forceful and enabling leadership to create a versatility index, which reflects the extent to which leaders make appropriate use of both styles (see sidebar). Our prediction was supported by a highly significant correlation ...
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