SIX KINDS

CCL's research has distinguished six types of hardship events—mistakes and failures, career setbacks, personal trauma, problem employees, downsizing, and racial injustice. Here is a description of each, along with some examples of the kinds of lessons that can be learned from them.

Mistakes and Failures

According to a legend at IBM, in the early days of the company a promising young executive made a mistake that cost the company millions of dollars. Feeling guilty, embarrassed, and afraid, the executive was called into the office of Tom Watson Sr., IBM's president at the time. The executive offered to resign. Watson is reported to have said that he couldn't afford to have the executive resign because millions of dollars had just been ...

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