PRODUCING COMMITMENT

The three tough problems that reflect forces acting on groups and the three fundamental needs of individuals provide a key to understanding what followers want—and don't want.

As humans lived throughout most of their existence in egalitarian hunter-gatherer societies with no formal chiefs or rulers, leadership was exercised by individuals who could persuade the group, based on their reputations for judgment, integrity, expertise, and contributions to the greater good; but these people had no power to impose their will on others. In modern research, the personality trait of dominance is unrelated to leadership in both laboratory and real-world settings. Leadership that produces voluntary commitment is best for engaging followers; ...

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