Fundamentals of OSPF
OSPF is an Interior Gateway Protocol (IGP), whereby each router belonging to a single area maintains an identical database. The routing table is constructed from the information in this database by running a Shortest Path First algorithm. The route is installed in the table by first resolving the least-cost route to the destination. OSPF routes packets are based solely on the IP destination, so there is no room for source-based routing. OSPF also uses IP multicast for updates, but does not perform fragmentation. Instead, it relies on IP for fragmentation and reassembly.
OSPF has one very significant feature: It forces hierarchy into the network by introducing areas. Creating areas reduces the size of the database information ...
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