3.3. The Application Server

To simplify the development, management, and evolution of web-based systems, the middle tiers have now come to be viewed as logically consisting of two distinct pieces. As illustrated in Figure 3.3, these two pieces are the web server and the application server.[4]

[4] This is a logical distinction. They may be deployed on the same physical machine, distributed across many machines, tec. Furthermore, when physically deployed, both the web server and the application server hardware are typically replicated to improve performance, throughput, and availability.

As shown in Figure 3.3, one piece of the middle tier consists of the web server itself, responsible for receiving requests from the clients, parsing those requests, ...

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