1.1. Motivation

We all frequently interact with software-intensive systems. The impact of their availability (and failure) is of everyday concern to large parts of the world's population. However, what is often ignored is that the software industry involved with the development and maintenance of software systems is increasingly becoming a strategic aspect of many countries' economies. The software industry has an important and compelling impact on economic, safety, and employment aspects of the world. For example:

  • In 1998 it was estimated that the worldwide market for programmer development tools was in excess of $24 billion, and is continuing to grow at a rate of over 11% per year [1].

  • Computer systems are at the heart of many safety-critical ...

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