1.9. Summary
An understanding of the basics of networking theory is essential for network programmers, as this theory provides the foundation on which the practical side of networking is based. To assist in this regard, networking communication is broken into seven layers (forming the Open Systems Interconnection, or OSI, Reference Model).
At the most basic level, communication deals with individual bits of information. There are a wide variety of network mediums, ranging from dial-up modems to local area networks. At the physical and data link layers, various hardware types and network protocols can be used, making networks inter operable. We as Java programmers do not need to concern ourselves with such issues, however, and in fact are unable ...
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