Boolean Logical AND (&) and Boolean Logical Inclusive OR (|) Operators
The boolean logical AND (&) and boolean logical inclusive OR (|) operators are identical to the && and || operators, except that the & and | operators always evaluate both of their operands (i.e., they do not perform short-circuit evaluation). So, the expression
(gender == 1) & (age >= 65)
evaluates age >= 65 regardless of whether gender is equal to 1. This is useful if the right operand has a required side effect—a modification of a variable’s value. For example, the expression
(birthday == true) | (++age >= 65)
guarantees that the condition ++age >= 65 will be evaluated. Thus, the variable age is incremented, ...
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