Java™ How To Program (Early Objects), Tenth Edition

Proceeding to the Second Refinement

The preceding Software Engineering Observation is often all you need for the first refinement in the top-down process. To proceed to the next level of refinement—that is, the second refinement—we commit to specific variables. In this example, we need a running total of the numbers, a count of how many numbers have been processed, a variable to receive the value of each grade as it’s input by the user and a variable to hold the calculated average. The pseudocode statement

Initialize variables

can be refined as follows:

Initialize total to zeroInitialize counter to zero

Only the variables total and counter need to be initialized before they’re used. The variables average and grade (for the calculated average ...