Connecting to the Database
The java.sql.
Connection
object, which encapsulates a single
connection to a particular database, forms the basis of all JDBC
data-handling code. An application can maintain multiple connections,
up to the limits imposed by the database system itself. A standard
small office or web server Oracle installation can support 50 or so
connections, while a major corporate database could host several
thousand. The DriverManager.getConnection( )
method creates a connection:
Connection con = DriverManager.getConnection("url
", "user
", "password
");
You pass three arguments to getConnection( )
: a
JDBC URL, a database
username,
and a password. For databases that
don’t require explicit logins, the user and password
strings should be left blank. When the method is called, the
DriverManager
queries each registered driver,
asking if it understands the URL. If a driver recognizes the URL, it
returns a Connection
object. Because the
getConnection( )
method checks each driver in
turn, you should avoid loading more drivers than are necessary for
your application.
The getConnection( )
method has two other variants
that are less frequently used. One variant takes a single String
argument and tries to create a connection to that JDBC URL without a
username or password, or with a username and password embedded in the
URL itself. The other version takes a JDBC URL and a
java.util.Properties
object that contains a set of name/value pairs. You generally need to provide at least ...
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