Internet Denial of Service: Attack and Defense Mechanisms

Footnotes

Chapter 2

¹ For example, some implementations of the 802.11 wireless access protocol have a vulnerability that allows an attack to deny service selectively to one user in the wireless network or promiscuously to all of them. In effect, the attacker can send a packet to the wireless access point that claims to be from another user and that indicates that the user is finished and essentially wants to “hang up” [BS03]. The wireless access point then no longer recognizes communications from the targeted user. That user can reestablish communications with the access point, but the attacker can shut it down again in the same way.

² A weak password is one that is easily guessed, by either a human guesser or an automated program that tries ...