11 Contrasts between Intermolecular, Interparticle, and Intersurface Forces
11.1 Short-Range and Long-Range Effects of a Force: Qualitative Differences in the Interactions of Particles and Small Molecules
We are told that when an apple fell on Newton’s head, it set in motion a thought process that eventually led Newton to formulate the law of gravity. The conceptual breakthrough in this discovery was the recognition that the force that causes apples to fall to the ground is the same force that holds the moon in a stable orbit around the Earth.
On Earth, gravity manifests itself in many different ways: in determining the height of the atmosphere, the capillary rise of liquids, and the behavior of waves and ripples. In biology it decrees that ...
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