Integrated Project Management

Project Management Alternatives

Some efforts, called “projects,” never arrive at a precise specification. In these situations, the project manager is directed by the sponsor or customer to begin an activity at a point that seems to be a promising place to deal with a general problem or opportunity. As initial tasks approach completion, the next step is decided upon. At this point, the sponsor may be making the decisions, or the project manager may be expected to make them. The project manager, backed by the sponsor, recruits and assigns people for the next step. This process continues, and desirable out-comes are identified. If and when useful outcomes are finally achieved, the project is declared a success and is stopped. If, after a while, ...