Chapter Notes
Relational algebra is covered in most database texts (e.g., Elmasri and Navathe 1994; Date 2000). Arithmetic operators, set functions, semijoin and other operators have been proposed to extend the relational algebra (e.g., Date 2000, sec. 6.7). As an alternative to the relational algebra, the relational calculus may be used (e.g., Date 2000, ch. 7). Codd (1990) proposed version 2 of the relational model, with 333 rules, but this has not achieved any significant adoption.
The SQL standards may be purchased online from www.ncits.org. The SQL standard is published by the International Standards Organization (www.iso.org) as ISO/IEC 9075. SQL:2003 is available now, with SQL:2008 to follow soon. For clear, thorough account of the SQL-92 ...
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