Information Assurance

4.1. Introduction

Due to the widespread use of communication networks, society is increasingly dependent on the exchange of information for basic societal functions. Several widely publicized network outages illustrated that disruption of communications services can be very expensive to businesses and critical services, for example, loss of emergency services, air traffic control systems, and financial services. In fact, existing communication networks, such as the Internet, circuit-switched telephone networks, and cellular networks, are considered part of the critical national infrastructure (CNI) of various nations [1–3]. The United States President’s Commission on Critical Infrastructure Protection (PCCIP) noted that “our security, economy, ...