Level 1 consists of ICS controllers that direct and manipulate the manufacturing process. Its key function is to interface with Level 0 devices (for example, I/O, sensors, and actuators). Historically, in discrete manufacturing, the ICS controller was typically a programmable logic controller (PLC). In process manufacturing, the ICS controller is referred to as a distributed control system (DCS). ICS controllers run industry-specific, real-time operating systems that are programmed and configured from engineering workstations. Typically, controllers are maintained by an application on a workstation, located in a higher level of the ICS network (level-three site operations). From that workstation, a user can upload ...
Level 1 – Basic control
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