5.9. Renewable Phenol Formaldehyde Resins
Thermosetting phenolic resins (PF) are obtained by the reaction of triphenols and formaldehyde:
• In an acidic medium, a first step leads to a thermoplastic that is reticulated in a second step by a curing agent or hardener (hexamethylenetetramine). These resins are called novolac or “two step.”
• Reaction in an alkaline medium yields products known as resols or “one step.”
5.9.1. Biosourced Phenolic Resins
Two ways can be exploited: use of renewable phenols and replacement of formaldehyde by a renewable alternative.
Cardolite (http://www.cardolite.com/), a producer of cashew nutshell liquid derivatives, proposes binder resins for use in the transportation and brake industries. These thermosetting resins are ...
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