13.1 INNOVATION IS MORE THAN INVENTION
A few years ago, the National Science Foundation sponsored extensive investigations to better understand the innovation process and how innovation is supported by science and technology. It was stressed that innovation and invention should be differentiated, although invention frequently results in the initial concept leading to innovation. Innovation was defined as a complex series of activities beginning when the original idea is conceived (conception), proceeding through a succession of interwoven steps of research, development, engineering design, market analysis, management decision making, and so on, and ending when an industrially successful product (which may be a thing, a technique, or a process) is accepted in the marketplace.
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