Chapter 17

Industrial By-products

Jaana Sorvari1 and Margareta Wahlström2     1Finnish Environment Institute, Helsinki, Finland     2VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland, VTT, Finland

Abstract

Industrial processes generate various mineral residues with a potential for reuse, recycling or manufacturing of new materials or products, such as metallurgical slag, ash from energy production, waste from mining and enrichment of ore and fiber sludge from the forest industry, among others. Some of these by-products can be returned directly to the manufacturing process as raw material, whereas several applications can be found particularly in the building industry and agriculture. The technical and environmental properties of a by-product ultimately ...

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