Section 12

Alternatives

The section Alternatives includes references to an energy use that is in some way different from the prevailing uses up to that time. This is a wide-ranging subject area whose entries fall into various categories, as opposed to the usual pattern under the Sources theme in which each section deals with a specific energy source such as Coal, Natural Gas, Hydrogen, or Electricity.

An entry in Alternatives may be a new technology for a familiar application; e.g., the introduction of turbine-driven ships for water transportation (1897). It may be a new use of an existing energy source; e.g., the invention of an effective hydrogen engine for motor vehicles (1930). It may be an innovative use of material not traditionally thought ...

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