Introduction

Among the various sensing technologies used to detect magnetic fields, the Hall effect is perhaps the most widespread and commonly used. Because it is possible to construct high-quality Hall-effect transducers with the standard integrated circuit processes used in the microelectronics industry, and to integrate ancillary signal-processing circuitry on the same silicon die, usable sensors can be fabricated readily and inexpensively. Hundreds of millions of these devices are produced every year for use in a wide variety of applications. A few places where Hall-effect transducers can be found are:

• Automobiles – Ignition timing, antilock braking (ABS) systems,

• Computers – Commutation for brushless fans, disk drive index sensors, ...

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