Errors
The @@ERROR automatic variable returns the error code of the last Transact-SQL statement. If there was no error, @@ERROR returns zero. Because @@ERROR is reset after each Transact-SQL statement, you must save it to a variable if you wish to process it further after checking it.
If you want to write robust code that runs for years without having to be reengineered, make a habit of checking @@ERROR often in your stored procedures, especially after data modification statements. A good indicator of resilient code is consistent error checking, and until Transact-SQL supports structured exception handling, checking @@ERROR frequently is the best way to protect your code against unforeseen circumstances.
Error Messages
The system procedure sp_addmessage ...
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