Fossil Fuel Emissions Control Technologies

Table of contents

1. Cover image
2. Title page
3. Table of Contents
4. Copyright
5. Dedication
6. Preface
7. 1. Introduction
   1. 1.1 Organization of this book
   2. 1.2 Overview of energy usage in the United States
   3. 1.3 Fossil fuel usage in boilers for heat and power production
   4. 1.4 Characteristics and composition of fossil fuels
   5. 1.5 Air emissions from fossil fuel usage
   6. References
8. 2. Federal regulations and impact on emissions
   1. 2.1 History of legislative action for fossil fuel-fired stationary heat and power plants
   2. 2.2 Air quality and emissions trends
   3. References
9. 3. Particulate formation and control technologies
   1. 3.1 Introduction
   2. 3.2 Particle formation and characterization
   3. 3.3 Mechanisms of particulate collection
   4. 3.4 Particulate control technologies
   5. 3.5 Economics of particulate matter control
   6. References
10. 4. Sulfur oxides formation and control
    1. 4.1 Introduction
    2. 4.2 Chemistry of sulfur oxide (SO2/SO3) formation
    3. 4.3 Sulfur dioxide control
    4. 4.4 Techniques to reduce sulfur dioxide emissions
    5. 4.5 Economics of flue gas desulfurization
    6. References
11. 5. Nitrogen oxides formation and control
    1. 5.1 Introduction
    2. 5.2 NOx formation mechanisms
    3. 5.3 NOx control technologies
    4. 5.4 Economics of NOX reduction/removal
    5. References
12. 6. Mercury emissions reduction
    1. 6.1 Introduction
    2. 6.2 Mercury in fossil fuels
    3. 6.3 Mercury chemistry
    4. 6.4 Mercury emissions from stationary heat and power systems
    5. 6.5 Technologies for mercury control
    6. 6.6 Cost estimates to control mercury emissions
    7. References
13. 7. Formation and control of acid gases, and organic and inorganic hazardous air pollutants
    1. 7.1 Introduction
    2. 7.2 Environmental and health effects of organic and inorganic hazardous air pollutants
    3. 7.3 Trace elements/hazardous organic compounds/halogens in fossil fuels
    4. 7.4 Formation and emissions of acid gases
    5. 7.5 Formation and emissions of organic compounds
    6. 7.6 Characteristics and emissions of trace elements
    7. 7.7 Control technologies
    8. 7.8 Economics of control technologies
    9. References
14. 8. Greenhouse gas – carbon dioxide emissions reduction technologies
    1. 8.1 Introduction
    2. 8.2 Environmental and health effects
    3. 8.3 Greenhouse gas emissions
    4. 8.4 CO2 capture/reduced emissions technologies
    5. 8.5 Transport of CO2
    6. 8.6 CO2 storage
    7. 8.7 Economics of CO2 capture and storage
    8. 8.8 Monitoring, verification, accounting, and assessment
    9. References
15. Appendix A. Regional definitions
16. Appendix B. Fossil fuel-fired emission factors
    1. B.1 Coal-fired emission factors
    2. B.2 Fuel oil emission factors
    3. B.3 Natural gas combustion emission factors
    4. B.4 Liquefied petroleum gas combustion emission factors
    5. B.5 Stationary gas turbines emission factors
17. Appendix C. Original list of hazardous air pollutants
18. Index