3.1 GENERAL
In the last few decades, revolution in the computer technology has led to development of numerous computational techniques for solving many engineering problems. As mathematical modelling became an integral part of analysis of engineering problems, a variety of numerical methods such as finite difference method (FDM), finite element method (FEM), finite volume method (FVM) and boundary element method (BEM) have been developed. Each of these methods has its own merits and demerits depending on the problem to be solved. Out of the available numerical techniques, FEM is one of the most flexible and versatile method for solving engineering problems.
FEM is used widely for solving engineering problems in solid mechanics, heat transfer, ...
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