Modes of Operation
There are two different usage models for IEEE 802.11, namely infrastructure Basic Service Set (BSS or ESS) and independent Basic Service Set (IBSS). Even though both kinds of BSS could be called IBSS, the “I” in IBSS means “independent.” IBSS mode is also known informally as “ad hoc” mode, and in this mode, STAs that are near enough to each other may communicate directly with each other, station-to-station, without needing to use an AP. In IBSS mode, all the STAs must be able to hear each other, so hidden nodes are impossible by assumption.
An Extended Service Set is formed by the concatenation of two or more infrastructure BSSs that share the same SSID. Infrastructure BSS mode is often referred to as simply “BSS,” or “ESS” ...
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