Foreword

The most important technological changes of the last century were those centered around the invention of electronic computers. These changes are largely due to the monumental improvements that have occurred in computer hardware. It is hard to believe the incredible advances made in the 60 years since the Electronic Numerical Integrator and Computer (ENIAC) first ran. This fast pace is reflected in Moore’s Law, a reference to an observation made by Gordon Moore in 1965 about the rate of growth in the number of transistors per integrated circuit.

Improvements in computer software have been significantly more modest. There is nothing comparable to Moore’s Law for the progress in software technology, but there have been advances. From the ...

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