In 1945, University of California–Berkeley psychology professor Edwin Ghiselli began working with a financial services firm to help it improve hiring practices.7 He tried to identify the activities that account executives had to perform well in order to succeed. These included strong interpersonal skills, dedicated and responsive work ethic, and sound judgment about financial decisions. Over the next twenty years, he interviewed 507 potential new hires, following a highly structured chronological format. First he asked them about their education, and then he inquired about their previous job experiences. For each of these topics, he asked questions that enumerated their responsibilities and described ...

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