Processing Instructions
XML supports inserting tagged text strings into an XML document as out-of-band information. These tagged text strings are called processing instructions or PIs. A processing instruction information item has a name [target] and a sequence of zero or more characters [content] that act as the parameters of the instruction. Processing instruction names are never affiliated with a namespace and must conform to the NCName[6] production used to define the local part of element and attribute names. Processing instructions are treated as an opaque name/value pair at the information set level. It is up to the consumer to interpret the name and value appropriately.
[6] Prenamespace XML allowed the target name to contain colons. This ...
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