Signal Delay
The inputs and outputs of gates are stable in only two steady states: a “1” or a “0”. However, when they change from a “1” to a “0”, they are in transition. It takes a finite time for the signal to rise or fall between “0” to a “1”. This transition time is called rise time or fall time.
It also takes time for a signal change to travel (propagate) through a gate or along a wire. This time is called the propagation delay.
The driving gate output signal goes to inputs at one or more receiving gates. The delay time depends on the wire length, resistance, and capacitance. It also depends on the number of receiving gate inputs. A low resistance driver transistor or buffer can reduce the signal delay.
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