Transistor Circuits
A signal is the presence of an electrical voltage or current. We mentioned how transistors work to amplify small electrical signals or switch them on and off. With transistors, resistors, and capacitors, engineers wire together circuits to amplify signals and do logical operations. Let us review several functions of these transistor circuits.
Switches— turn on and off
Buffers/Drivers— drive signals faster on wires or cables
Clock circuits— generate and drive clock pulses to synchronize computer operations
Gates— logical operations (AND, OR, compare, add, subtract, etc.)
Memory and flip-flop circuits— remember a “1” or a “0” value
(Most ICs today use a variety of complex gates chosen from a library of gate and flip-flop circuits. ...
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