9.5 Flux quantization
We know that electric charge is quantized in terms of integral multiples of charge on an electron [1.6 × 10 –19 C]. Similarly, the magnetic flux lines passing through a superconducting loop due to persistent current is quantized in terms of integral multiples of 
Flux quantization can be proved with the help of a superconducting material in the form of a hollow cylinder or ring.
Figure 9.12 Sample cooled in the presence of magnetic field
Magnetic field is applied on the superconducting ring in normal state as shown in ...
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