CHAPTER 1

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Machine Learning

Nature is a self-made machine, more perfectly automated than any automated machine. To create something in the image of nature is to create a machine, and it was by learning the inner working of nature that man became a builder of machines.

—Eric Hoffer, Reflections on the Human Condition

Machine learning (ML) is a branch of artificial intelligence that systematically applies algorithms to synthesize the underlying relationships among data and information. For example, ML systems can be trained on automatic speech recognition systems (such as iPhone’s Siri) to convert acoustic information in a sequence of speech data ...

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